Losartan Potassium + Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets — Description

Overview

Losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide is a prescription combination medicine used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (enlargement of the heart).

• Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that relaxes blood vessels, lowering blood pressure and improving blood flow.
• Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic (water pill) that helps remove excess salt and water through urine, further lowering blood pressure.

Together, these medicines help reduce the risk of stroke, heart attack, heart failure, and kidney damage associated with uncontrolled hypertension.

Indications

• Treatment of essential hypertension.
• Reduction of stroke risk in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy.

Adult Use

• Initial dose: One tablet once daily, with or without food.
• Dose may be adjusted by the physician according to blood pressure response.
• Maximum recommended daily dose: Losartan 100 mg / Hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg.

Pediatric Use

• Safety and effectiveness have not been established in children.

Contraindications

Do not use in patients with:

• Hypersensitivity to losartan, hydrochlorothiazide, or sulfonamide-derived drugs.
• Anuria (inability to produce urine).
• Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes.
• Pregnancy (especially during the second and third trimesters).

Warnings and Precautions

• Contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk of fetal injury or death.
• Monitor blood pressure, kidney function, and electrolyte levels regularly.
• May cause dizziness or low blood pressure, especially in dehydrated patients.
• Use cautiously in patients with kidney disease, liver disease, diabetes, gout, lupus, or electrolyte imbalances.
• Hydrochlorothiazide may increase blood glucose, uric acid, and skin sensitivity to sunlight, and has been associated with an increased risk of non-melanoma skin cancer with long-term use.
• Avoid potassium supplements or potassium-containing salt substitutes unless directed by a healthcare provider.

Common Side Effects

• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Headache
• Increased urination
• Fatigue
• Upper respiratory symptoms (runny nose, sore throat)
• Dry cough (less common)
• Electrolyte disturbances (low potassium or sodium)

Seek Immediate Medical Attention If You Experience

• Severe allergic reactions or angioedema
• Fainting or severe dizziness
• Reduced urine output or signs of kidney problems
• Vision changes or severe eye pain
• Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)
• Irregular heartbeat or severe muscle weakness

Important Drug Interactions

Use caution with:

• NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen)
• Other antihypertensive medications
• ACE inhibitors or aliskiren
• Lithium
• Potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics
• Antidiabetic medications (may require glucose monitoring)

Patient Counseling

• Take the medication exactly as prescribed, with or without food.
• Continue treatment even if you feel well, as hypertension often has no symptoms.
• Stay adequately hydrated, especially during hot weather or illness.
• Rise slowly from sitting or lying positions to reduce dizziness.
• Protect your skin from excessive sun exposure.
• Do not stop the medication without consulting your healthcare provider.

Storage

• Store at room temperature, protected from heat, moisture, and direct light.
• Keep out of the reach of children.

Patient Disclaimer

This information is intended for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide should be used only under the supervision of a qualified healthcare provider. Do not stop or adjust your medication without consulting your physician. Seek immediate medical attention if you develop swelling of the face or throat, severe dizziness, difficulty breathing, vision changes, or signs of kidney problems.